[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":286},["ShallowReactive",2],{"compound-tb-500":3,"compound-related-tb-500":259,"compound-reading-tb-500":273},{"id":4,"title":5,"alsoKnownAs":6,"body":7,"casNumber":117,"category":227,"description":217,"extension":228,"faq":229,"meta":239,"molecularFormula":240,"molecularWeight":62,"name":5,"navigation":241,"path":242,"presentations":243,"purity":246,"rank":247,"relatedCompounds":248,"relatedResearch":251,"seo":255,"sequence":240,"stem":256,"summary":257,"__hash__":258},"compounds\u002Fcompounds\u002Ftb-500.md","TB-500","Thymosin β4 · Tβ4",{"type":8,"value":9,"toc":216},"minimark",[10,15,19,22,26,29,74,77,84,88,148,152,155,183,186,190,193,196,200,209,213],[11,12,14],"h2",{"id":13},"what-tb-500-is","What TB-500 is",[16,17,18],"p",{},"TB-500 is a synthetic form of thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4), a 43-amino-acid peptide\npresent in most mammalian cell types and one of the most abundant intracellular\npeptides in the body. Its principal established function is actin sequestration:\nit binds monomeric G-actin and maintains the unpolymerised pool from which cells\nassemble actin filaments.",[16,20,21],{},"That single biochemical role explains most of the research interest. Cell\nmigration depends on rapid, controlled actin polymerisation at the leading edge,\nand anything governing the available monomer pool sits upstream of motility —\nwhich in turn sits upstream of wound closure, angiogenesis and tissue\nremodelling.",[11,23,25],{"id":24},"the-naming-problem","The naming problem",[16,27,28],{},"The label \"TB-500\" is used inconsistently across the research chemical market,\nand it is worth being explicit about it:",[30,31,32,48],"table",{},[33,34,35],"thead",{},[36,37,38,42,45],"tr",{},[39,40,41],"th",{},"Material",[39,43,44],{},"Length",[39,46,47],{},"Approximate mass",[49,50,51,63],"tbody",{},[36,52,53,57,60],{},[54,55,56],"td",{},"Full-length thymosin β4",[54,58,59],{},"43 residues",[54,61,62],{},"~4,963 Da",[36,64,65,68,71],{},[54,66,67],{},"Ac-LKKTETQ fragment",[54,69,70],{},"7 residues",[54,72,73],{},"~889 Da",[16,75,76],{},"Both are sold as \"TB-500\". They are not equivalent, they do not cost the same to\nsynthesise, and the difference is invisible in the vial. The fragment corresponds\nto the actin-binding domain of the full peptide, which is the usual\njustification given for the substitution — but it is a different molecule and\nshould be sold as one.",[16,78,79,83],{},[80,81,82],"strong",{},"This is a mass spectrometry question, and only a mass spectrometry question.","\nFour thousand daltons is not a subtle difference; any real MS result resolves it\nimmediately. A certificate reporting purity alone cannot, which is exactly why\nthis compound is a useful test of whether a supplier's documentation means\nanything. Tested Peptides supplies full-length thymosin β4, and the observed\nmass on each batch certificate is the evidence for that.",[11,85,87],{"id":86},"molecular-profile","Molecular profile",[30,89,90,100],{},[33,91,92],{},[36,93,94,97],{},[39,95,96],{},"Property",[39,98,99],{},"Value",[49,101,102,110,118,125,132,140],{},[36,103,104,107],{},[54,105,106],{},"Also known as",[54,108,109],{},"Thymosin β4, Tβ4",[36,111,112,115],{},[54,113,114],{},"CAS number",[54,116,117],{},"77591-33-4",[36,119,120,122],{},[54,121,44],{},[54,123,124],{},"43 amino acids",[36,126,127,130],{},[54,128,129],{},"Molecular weight",[54,131,62],{},[36,133,134,137],{},[54,135,136],{},"Principal known function",[54,138,139],{},"G-actin sequestration",[36,141,142,145],{},[54,143,144],{},"Appearance",[54,146,147],{},"White lyophilised powder",[11,149,151],{"id":150},"research-context","Research context",[16,153,154],{},"Published work on thymosin β4 spans:",[156,157,158,165,171,177],"ul",{},[159,160,161,164],"li",{},[80,162,163],{},"Cell migration"," — the mechanistic core, following directly from actin\nmonomer regulation.",[159,166,167,170],{},[80,168,169],{},"Angiogenesis"," — endothelial cell migration and tube formation in vitro.",[159,172,173,176],{},[80,174,175],{},"Tissue repair models"," — dermal, corneal and cardiac injury models, largely\npreclinical.",[159,178,179,182],{},[80,180,181],{},"Inflammatory signalling"," — reported effects on cytokine expression in\ncultured cells.",[16,184,185],{},"Supplied for in-vitro laboratory research only. No therapeutic claim is made and\nno dosing or administration guidance is provided.",[11,187,189],{"id":188},"analytical-notes","Analytical notes",[16,191,192],{},"At 43 residues, thymosin β4 is a demanding solid-phase synthesis. Longer chains\naccumulate more opportunities for incomplete coupling, so the deletion-sequence\nimpurity profile is richer than it is for a short peptide, and the separation\nbetween a 43-mer and a 42-mer on reversed-phase chromatography is narrow.",[16,194,195],{},"Two consequences follow. First, the chromatogram is worth more than the purity\nfigure — a well-resolved trace with a clean baseline says more than \"99.2%\"\ndetached from it. Second, mass spectrometry is doing double duty here: confirming\nidentity against the fragment ambiguity above, and confirming that the main peak\nis the full-length species rather than a truncation.",[11,197,199],{"id":198},"handling-and-storage","Handling and storage",[16,201,202,203,208],{},"Store sealed at −20 °C, protected from light and moisture, and bring to room\ntemperature before opening. Reconstitute by adding diluent down the vial wall and\nswirling gently. Longer peptides are more susceptible to aggregation on\nagitation than short ones — see\n",[204,205,207],"a",{"href":206},"\u002Fresearch\u002Fpeptide-aggregation-and-handling","peptide aggregation and handling",".\nStore reconstituted solution at 2–8 °C, protected from light, and avoid repeated\nfreeze-thaw.",[11,210,212],{"id":211},"what-we-supply","What we supply",[16,214,215],{},"Full-length thymosin β4, released against a ≥99% purity specification, with HPLC\npurity and mass spectrometry identity confirmation on every batch and a\nbatch-specific Certificate of Analysis on which the observed mass is stated\nexplicitly. Select batches additionally receive independent third-party purity\nverification.",{"title":217,"searchDepth":218,"depth":218,"links":219},"",2,[220,221,222,223,224,225,226],{"id":13,"depth":218,"text":14},{"id":24,"depth":218,"text":25},{"id":86,"depth":218,"text":87},{"id":150,"depth":218,"text":151},{"id":188,"depth":218,"text":189},{"id":198,"depth":218,"text":199},{"id":211,"depth":218,"text":212},"Repair & Recovery","md",[230,233,236],{"question":231,"answer":232},"Is TB-500 the same thing as thymosin beta-4?","Not always, and this is the single most important thing to establish before buying it. The name TB-500 is applied both to full-length thymosin β4 — a 43-residue peptide of about 4,963 Da — and to the short Ac-LKKTETQ fragment of roughly 889 Da. These are different molecules at very different synthesis costs. Only the mass spectrometry result on a batch-specific certificate tells you which one is in the vial.",{"question":234,"answer":235},"What does thymosin β4 do at the cellular level?","It is the major G-actin sequestering protein in mammalian cells, binding monomeric actin and maintaining the unpolymerised pool that cells draw on to build filaments. That role puts it upstream of cell motility, and the tissue repair and angiogenesis literature around it follows from cell migration.",{"question":237,"answer":238},"Why does the fragment ambiguity matter analytically?","A 43-residue peptide and a 7-residue fragment differ by roughly 4,000 daltons. Any competent mass spectrometry result distinguishes them instantly. A certificate that reports only an HPLC purity percentage does not, which is why purity without identity is half a document.",{},null,true,"\u002Fcompounds\u002Ftb-500",[244,245],"5 mg vial","10 mg vial","≥99%",11,[249,250],"bpc-157","bpc-tb-500",[252,253,254],"mass-spectrometry-peptide-identity","how-to-read-a-peptide-coa","spotting-a-fabricated-coa",{"title":5,"description":217},"compounds\u002Ftb-500","A synthetic form of thymosin beta-4, the principal actin-sequestering peptide in mammalian cells, studied in cell migration and tissue repair models.","-hfb92-FtzZUkyF6reLidMMv808Qd6evjqfyuvz5yh8",[260,266],{"path":261,"name":262,"alsoKnownAs":263,"summary":264,"category":227,"molecularWeight":265,"purity":246},"\u002Fcompounds\u002Fbpc-157","BPC-157","Body Protection Compound 157 · PL 14736","A synthetic 15-amino-acid sequence derived from human gastric juice protein BPC, studied extensively in tissue repair and angiogenesis models.","~1,419.5 Da",{"path":267,"name":268,"alsoKnownAs":269,"summary":270,"category":271,"molecularWeight":240,"purity":272},"\u002Fcompounds\u002Fbpc-tb-500","BPC-157 + TB-500","Repair blend","A combined preparation of BPC-157 and thymosin β4, used where both compounds are required in a single reconstitution.","Blends","≥99% per component",[274,278,282],{"path":275,"title":276,"description":277},"\u002Fresearch\u002Fhow-to-read-a-peptide-coa","How to Read a Peptide Certificate of Analysis","A field-by-field walkthrough of a peptide COA — what each number establishes, which fields are load-bearing, and what a missing batch number tells you about the rest of the document.",{"path":279,"title":280,"description":281},"\u002Fresearch\u002Fmass-spectrometry-peptide-identity","What Mass Spectrometry Establishes That HPLC Cannot","Purity and identity are different questions requiring different instruments. Why a chromatogram alone cannot tell you which peptide is in the vial, and what a mass spectrum on a COA should actually show.",{"path":283,"title":284,"description":285},"\u002Fresearch\u002Fspotting-a-fabricated-coa","How to Spot a Fabricated Certificate of Analysis","Forged peptide COAs are common and most of them share the same handful of tells. What fabricated documents get wrong about chromatograms, mass spectra, batch numbers and the language of a real laboratory report.",1787473952615]